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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 0:46:11 GMT
In Buddhism, Bhūmi (Sanskrit: भूमि 'foundation', Chinese: 地 'ground' ) is the 32nd and 33rd place (10th and 11th in simple count) on the outgoing's process of Mahayana awakening. Each stage represents a level of attainment in that case, and serves as a basis for the next one. Each level marks a definite advancement in one's training that is accompanied by progressively greater power and wisdom. Buddhist monks who arrived at Bhūmi were originally called śrāvakas. Śakro devānām and Trāyastriṃśa are together called "Bhūmi nivāsin".[citation needed]
The ten bodhisattva stages are also called vihara ('dwelling').[1]
Ten bhūmis of the Daśabhūmika Sūtra The Daśabhūmika Sūtra refers to the following ten bhūmis.[2]
The first bhūmi, the Very Joyous. (Skt. pramuditā), in which one rejoices at realizing a partial aspect of the truth; The second bhūmi, the Stainless. (Skt. vimalā), in which one is free from all defilement; The third bhūmi, the Light-Maker. (Skt. prabhākarī), in which one radiates the light of wisdom; The fourth bhūmi, the Radiant Intellect. (Skt. arciṣmatī), in which the radiant flame of wisdom burns away earthly desires; The fifth bhūmi, the Difficult to Master. (Skt. sudurjayā), in which one surmounts the illusions of darkness, or ignorance as the Middle Way; The sixth bhūmi, the Manifest. (Skt. abhimukhī) in which supreme wisdom begins to manifest; The seventh bhūmi, the Gone Afar. (Skt. dūraṃgamā), in which one rises above the states of the Two vehicles; The eighth bhūmi, the Immovable. (Skt. acalā), in which one dwells firmly in the truth of the Middle Way and cannot be perturbed by anything; The ninth bhūmi, the Good Intelligence. (Skt. sādhumatī), in which one preaches the Law freely and without restriction; The tenth bhūmi, the Cloud of Doctrine. (Skt. dharmameghā), in which one benefits all sentient beings with the Law (Dharma), just as a cloud sends down rain impartially on all things.
Ninth bhūmi bodhisattvas also acquire the "four analytical knowledges"-of fundamental concepts, meaning, grammar, and exposition. Due to this, they develop wondrous eloquence and skill in presenting doctrinal teachings. Their intelligence surpasses that of all humans and gods, and they comprehend all names, words, meanings, and languages. They can understand any question from any being. They also have the ability to answer them with a single sound, which is understood by each being according to its capacities. On this level they also cultivate the perfection of virya, which means that because of the strength of their mastery of the four analytical knowledges and their meditation they are able to develop paramitas energetically and to practice them continually without becoming fatigued.[16]
At the tenth stage bodhisattvas enter into progressively deeper meditative absorptions and develop limitless powers with regard to magical formulas. They cultivate the perfection of exalted wisdom, which, according to Asaṅga, enables them to increase their exalted wisdom. This in turn strengthens the other perfections. As a result, they become established in the joy of the doctrine.[18]
They acquire perfect bodies, and their minds are cleansed of the subtlest traces of the afflictions. They manifest in limitless forms for the benefit of others and transcend the ordinary laws of time and space. They are able to place entire world systems in a single pore, without diminishing them or increasing the size of the pore. When they do this, the beings inhabiting the worlds feel no discomfort, and only those who are advanced bodhisattvas even notice.
Bodhisattvas on this level receive a form of empowerment from innumerable buddhas. This is called "great rays of light", because the radiance of these bodhisattvas shines in all directions. This empowerment helps them in removing the remaining obstructions to omniscience and gives them added confidence and strength. At the final moment of this stage they enter into a meditative state called the "vajralike meditative stabilization", in which the subtlest remaining obstacles to buddhahood are overcome. They arise from this concentration as Buddhas.
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 0:59:56 GMT
The first bhūmi, the Very Joyous The First bhūmi, called "Very Joyous", is attained with the first direct perception of emptiness (Śūnyatā) and is simultaneous with entry into the third of the five paths to awakening, the path of seeing.[3][4] It is called "very joyous" because the bodhisattva works at the perfections of generosity and develops the ability to give away everything without regret and with no thought of praise or reward (for themselves). All phenomena are viewed as empty and as subject to decay, suffering, and death, and so bodhisattvas lose all attachment to them. According to Tsong Khapa, first level bodhisattvas directly understand that persons do not exist by way of their own nature. Due to this, they overcome the false idea that the five aggregates constitute a truly existent person. They also eliminate predispositions toward corrupted ethics so completely that they will not arise again.[5]
Despite having directly and correctly perceived emptiness, bodhisattvas on the first level are primarily motivated by faith. They train in ethics in order to cleanse their minds of negativity and so they prepare themselves for the cultivation of mundane meditative absorption that comes on the second level.
The second bhūmi, the Stainless Bodhisattvas on the second level, the "Stainless", perfect ethics and overcome all tendencies towards engagement in negative actions. Their control becomes so complete that even in dreams they have no immoral thoughts. According to Tsong Khapa for such a bodhisattva,
on all occasions of waking and dreaming his movements or activities of body, speech and mind are pure of even subtle infractions...he fulfills the three paths of virtuous actions-abandoning killing, stealing, and sexual misconduct-with his body; the middle four-abandons lying, divisive talk, harsh speech, and senseless chatter-with his speech; and the last three-abandoning covetousness, harmful intent, and wrong views-with his mind. Not only does he refrain from what is prohibited but he also fulfills all the positive achievements related to proper ethics.[6]
And according to Nāgārjuna,
The second is called the Stainless Because all ten [virtuous] actions Of body, speech, and mind are stainless And they naturally abide in those [deeds of ethics]. Through the maturation of those [good qualities] The perfection of ethics becomes supreme. They become Universal Monarchs helping beings, Masters of the glorious four continents and of the seven precious objects.
Because of this, the bodhisattva's mind becomes purified and equanimous, which is a prerequisite for training in the four rūpadhyānas ("form" meditative absorptions i.e. those correlated with the form realm) and the four arūpadhyānas (formless absorptions).
The third bhūmi, the Light-Maker Tsong Khapa states that the third bhūmi is called the "Light-Maker" because when it is attained "the fire of wisdom burning all the fuel of objects of knowledge arises along with a light which by nature is able to extinguish all elaborations of duality during meditative equipoise."[7] Bodhisattvas on this level cultivate the perfection of patience. Their equanimity becomes so profound that
even if someone...cuts from the body of this bodhisattva not just flesh but also bone, not in large sections but bit by bit, not continually but pausing in between, and not finishing in a short time but cutting over a long period, the bodhisattva would not get angry at the mutilator.[8]
The Bodhisattva realizes that his tormentor is motivated by afflicted thoughts and is sowing seeds of his own future suffering. As a result, the bodhisattva feels not anger, but a deep sadness and compassion for this cruel person, who is unaware of the operations of karma. Trainees on the third level overcome all tendencies toward anger, and never react with hatred (or even annoyance) to any harmful acts or words. Rather, their equanimity remains constant, and all sentient beings are viewed with love and compassion:
All anger and resentment rebound on the person who generates them, and they do nothing to eliminate harms that one has already experienced. They are counterproductive in that they destroy one's peace of mind and lead to unfavorable future situations. There is nothing to be gained through anger and resentment, revenge does nothing to change the past, and so the bodhisattva avoids them.
Bodhisattvas on this level also train in the four form meditations, the four formless meditations, and the four immeasurables, and the higher knowledges.
The fourth bhūmi, the Radiant Intellect On the fourth level, the "Radiant Intellect", bodhisattvas cultivate the perfection of effort and eliminate afflictions. According to Wonch'uk, this level is so named because fourth bhumi bodhisattvas "constantly emit the radiance of exalted wisdom." He also cites Maitreya's Ornament for the Mahayana Sutras, which explains that bodhisattvas on this level burn up the afflictive obstructions and the obstructions to omniscience with the radiance of their wisdom.[9] They enter into progressively deeper meditative absorptions and attain a powerful mental pliancy as a result. This eliminates laziness and increases their ability to practice meditation for extended periods of time. They destroy deeply rooted afflictions and cultivate the thirty-seven factors of awakening.
Through training in these thirty-seven practices, bodhisattvas develop great skill in meditative absorptions and cultivate wisdom, while weakening the artificial and innate conceptions of true existence.
The fifth bhūmi, Difficult to Master The fifth level is called the "Difficult to Master" because it involves practices that are so arduous and require a great deal of effort to perfect. It is also called the "Difficult to Overcome" because when one has completed the training of this level one has profound wisdom and insight that are difficult to surpass or undermine. According to Nāgārjuna,
The fifth is called the Extremely Difficult to Overcome Since all evil ones find it extremely hard to conquer him; He becomes skilled in knowing the subtle Meanings of the noble truths and so forth.[10]
Bodhisattvas on this level cultivate the perfection of samadhi. They develop strong powers of meditative stabilization and overcome tendencies toward distraction. They achieve mental one-pointedness and they perfect calm abiding. They also fully penetrate the meanings of the Four Noble Truths and the two truths (conventional truths and ultimate truths) and perceive all phenomena as empty, transient and prone to suffering.
The sixth bhūmi, the Manifest The sixth level is called the "Manifest" because the bodhisattva clearly perceives the workings of dependent arising and directly understands "the signless" (Mtshan ma med pa, Tibetan. Animitta, Sanskrit). The signless refers to the fact that phenomena seem to possess their apparent qualities by way of their own nature, but when one examines this appearance one realizes that all qualities are merely mentally imputed and not a part of the nature of the objects they appear to characterize.
As a result of these understandings bodhisattvas manifest meditative wisdom and avoid attachment to either cyclic existence or nirvana.[11] Having overcome all attachments, bodhisattvas on this level can attain nirvana, but because of the force of the mind of awakening they decide to remain in the world in order to benefit other sentient beings. They cultivate the Perfection of Wisdom, through which they perceive all phenomena as lacking inherent existence, as being like dreams, illusions, reflections, or magically created objects. All notions of "I" and "other" are transcended, along with conceptions of "inherent existence" and "inherent nonexistence." These sixth-level bodhisattvas abide in contemplation of suchness, with minds that are undisturbed by false ideas.
The seventh bhūmi, the Gone Afar Bodhisattvas on the seventh level develop the ability to contemplate signlessness uninterruptedly and enter into advanced meditative absorptions for extended periods of time, thus passing beyond both the mundane and supramundane paths of śrāvakas and Pratyekabuddhas (Hearers and solitary realizers). For this reason, this level is called the "Gone Afar."[12] According to Nāgārjuna,
The seventh is the Gone Afar because The number of his qualities has increased, Moment by moment he can enter The equipoise of cessation,[13]
On this level bodhisattvas perfect their skill in means of meditation and practice (Thabs la mkhas pa, Tibetan; Upaya-Kausalya, Sanskrit), which is their ability to cleverly adapt their teaching tactics to the individual proclivities and needs of their audiences. They also develop the ability to know the thoughts of others, and in every moment are able to practice all the perfections. All thoughts and actions are free from afflictions, and they constantly act spontaneously and effectively for the benefit of others.
The eighth bhūmi, the Immovable The eighth level is called the "Immovable" because bodhisattvas overcome all afflictions regarding signs and their minds are always completely absorbed in the dharma. At this level, a bodhisattva has achieved nirvana. According to Nāgārjuna,
The eighth is the Immovable, the youthful stage, Through nonconceptuality he is immovable; And the spheres of his body, speech and mind's Activities are inconceivable.[13]
Because they are fully acquainted with signlessness, their minds are not moved by ideas of signs. Eighth Bhumi bodhisattvas are said to be "irreversible", because there is no longer any possibility that they might waver on the path or backslide. They are destined for full buddhahood, and there are no longer any inclinations to seek a personal nirvana. They cultivate the "perfection of aspiration", which means that they undertake to fulfill various vows, due to which they accumulate the causes of further virtues.[14] Although they resolve to work for the benefit of others and they pervade the universe with feelings of friendliness toward all sentient beings, these bodhisattvas have transcended any tendency to misunderstand anatta.
Their understanding of emptiness is so complete that it overturns innate delusions, and reality appears in a completely new light. They enter into meditation on emptiness with little effort. Bodhisattvas on this level are compared to people who have awakened from dreams, and all their perceptions are influenced by this new awareness. They attain the meditative state called "forbearance regarding non-arisen phenomena", due to which they no longer think in terms of inherent causes or inherent causelessness. They also develop the ability to manifest in various forms in order to instruct others. Compassion and skillful means are automatic and spontaneous. There is no need to plan or contemplate how best to benefit others, since bodhisattvas on the eighth level automatically react correctly to every situation.
The ninth bhūmi, the Good Intelligence From this point on, bodhisattvas move quickly toward awakening. Before this stage, progress was comparatively slow, like that of a boat being towed through a harbour. On the eighth through tenth bhumi, however, bodhisattvas make huge strides toward buddhahood, like a ship that reaches the ocean and unfurls its sails. On the ninth level, they fully understand the three vehicles - hearers, solitary realizers, and bodhisattvas - and perfect the ability to teach the doctrine. According to the Sutra Explaining the Thought,
Because of attaining faultlessness and very extensive intelligence in terms of mastery of teaching the doctrine in all aspects, the ninth level is called the "Good Intelligence."[15]
Ninth bhūmi bodhisattvas also acquire the "four analytical knowledges"-of fundamental concepts, meaning, grammar, and exposition. Due to this, they develop wondrous eloquence and skill in presenting doctrinal teachings. Their intelligence surpasses that of all humans and gods, and they comprehend all names, words, meanings, and languages. They can understand any question from any being. They also have the ability to answer them with a single sound, which is understood by each being according to its capacities. On this level they also cultivate the perfection of virya, which means that because of the strength of their mastery of the four analytical knowledges and their meditation they are able to develop paramitas energetically and to practice them continually without becoming fatigued.[16]
The tenth bhūmi, the Cloud of Dharma On the tenth bhūmi, bodhisattvas overcome the subtlest traces of the afflictions. Like a cloud that pours rain on the earth, these bodhisattvas spread the dharma in all directions, and each sentient being absorbs what it needs in order to grow spiritually. Thus Nāgārjuna states that
The tenth is the Cloud of Dharma because The rain of excellent doctrine falls, The Bodhisattva is consecrated With light by the Buddhas.[17]
At this stage bodhisattvas enter into progressively deeper meditative absorptions and develop limitless powers with regard to magical formulas. They cultivate the perfection of exalted wisdom, which, according to Asaṅga, enables them to increase their exalted wisdom. This in turn strengthens the other perfections. As a result, they become established in the joy of the doctrine.[18]
They acquire perfect bodies, and their minds are cleansed of the subtlest traces of the afflictions. They manifest in limitless forms for the benefit of others and transcend the ordinary laws of time and space. They are able to place entire world systems in a single pore, without diminishing them or increasing the size of the pore. When they do this, the beings inhabiting the worlds feel no discomfort, and only those who are advanced bodhisattvas even notice.
Bodhisattvas on this level receive a form of empowerment from innumerable buddhas. This is called "great rays of light", because the radiance of these bodhisattvas shines in all directions. This empowerment helps them in removing the remaining obstructions to omniscience and gives them added confidence and strength. At the final moment of this stage they enter into a meditative state called the "vajralike meditative stabilization", in which the subtlest remaining obstacles to buddhahood are overcome. They arise from this concentration as Buddhas.
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 1:01:55 GMT
In the oldest texts of Buddhism, dhyāna (Sanskrit: ध्यान) or jhāna (Pali: 𑀛𑀸𑀦) is a component of the training of the mind (bhavana), commonly translated as meditation, to withdraw the mind from the automatic responses to sense-impressions, "burn up" the defilements, and leading to a "state of perfect equanimity and awareness (upekkhā-sati-parisuddhi)."[1] Dhyāna may have been the core practice of pre-sectarian Buddhism, in combination with several related practices which together lead to perfected mindfulness and detachment.[2][3][4]
In the later commentarial tradition, which has survived in present-day Theravāda, dhyāna is equated with "concentration", a state of one-pointed absorption in which there is a diminished awareness of the surroundings. In the contemporary Theravāda-based Vipassana movement, this absorbed state of mind is regarded as unnecessary and even non-beneficial for the first stage of awakening, which has to be reached by mindfulness of the body and Vipassanā (insight into impermanence). Since the 1980s, scholars and practitioners have started to question these positions, arguing for a more comprehensive and integrated understanding and approach, based on the oldest descriptions of dhyāna in the suttas.[5][6][7][8]
In Buddhist traditions of Chán and Zen (the names of which are, respectively, the Chinese and Japanese pronunciations of dhyāna), as in Theravada and Tiantai, anapanasati (mindfulness of breathing), which is transmitted in the Buddhist tradition as a means to develop dhyana, is a central practice. In the Chan/Zen-tradition this practice is ultimately based on Sarvastivāda meditation techniques transmitted since the beginning of the Common Era.
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 1:02:19 GMT
The brahmavihārā (sublime attitudes, lit. "abodes of brahma") are a series of four Buddhist virtues and the meditation practices made to cultivate them. They are also known as the four immeasurables (Pāli: appamaññā)[1] or four infinite minds (Chinese: 四無量心).[2] The brahmavihārā are:
loving-kindness or benevolence (mettā) compassion (karuṇā) empathetic joy (muditā) equanimity (upekkhā) According to the Metta Sutta, cultivation of the four immeasurables has the power to cause the practitioner to be reborn into a "Brahma realm" (Pāli: Brahmaloka).[3]
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 1:03:32 GMT
Abhijñā (Sanskrit: अभिज्ञा; Pali pronunciation: abhiññā; Standard Tibetan: མངོན་ཤེས mngon shes; Chinese: 六通/(六)神通) is a Buddhist term generally translated as "direct knowledge",[1] "higher knowledge"[2][3] or "supernormal knowledge."[2][4] In Buddhism, such special knowledge is obtained through virtuous living and meditation. The attainment of the four jhanas, or meditative absorptions, is considered a prerequisite for their attainment.[5] In terms of specifically enumerated knowledges, these include mundane extra-sensory abilities (such as seeing past lives and various supranormal powers like levitation) as well as the supramundane, meaning the extinction of all mental intoxicants (āsava). Pali literature In Pali literature, abhiññā refers to both the direct apprehension of dhamma (translated below as "states" and "qualities") as well as to specialized super-normal capabilities. Direct knowing of dhamma In SN 45.159, the Buddha describes "higher knowledge" (abhiññā) as a corollary to the pursuit of the Noble Eightfold Path:[3] A monk who cultivates the Noble Eightfold Path, who assiduously practices the Noble Eightfold Path, comprehends with higher knowledge those states that are to be so comprehended, abandons with higher knowledge those states that are to be so abandoned, comes to experience with higher knowledge those states that are to be so experienced, and cultivates with higher knowledge those states that are to be so cultivated.
What, monks, are the states to be comprehended with higher knowledge? They are the five groups of clinging. Which five? The body-group, the feeling-group, the perception-group, the mental-formation group, the consciousness-group...
What, monks, are the states to be abandoned with higher knowledge? They are ignorance and the desire for [further] becoming. And what, monks, are the states to be experienced with higher knowledge? They are knowledge and liberation.
And what, monk, are the states to be cultivated with higher knowledge? They are calm and insight.Such direct knowledge, according to the Buddha, is obscured by desire and passion (chanda-rāga):[6] Monks, any desire-passion with regard to the eye is a defilement of the mind. Any desire-passion with regard to the ear... the nose... the tongue... the body... the intellect is a defilement of the mind. When, with regard to these six bases, the defilements of awareness are abandoned, then the mind is inclined to renunciation. The mind fostered by renunciation feels malleable for the direct knowing of those qualities worth realizing. Enumerations of special knowledges In the Pali Canon, the higher knowledges are often enumerated in a group of six or of three types of knowledge. The six types of higher knowledges (chalabhiññā) are:"Higher powers" (iddhi-vidhā), such as walking on water and through walls; "Divine ear" (dibba-sota), that is, clairaudience; "Mind-penetrating knowledge" (ceto-pariya-ñāṇa), that is, telepathy; "Remember one's former abodes" (pubbe-nivāsanussati), causal memory, that is, recalling one's own past lives; "Divine eye" (dibba-cakkhu), that is, knowing others' karmic destinations; and, "Extinction of mental intoxicants" (āsavakkhaya), upon which arahantship follows.[7]The attainment of these six higher powers is mentioned in a number of discourses, most famously the "Fruits of Contemplative Life Discourse" (Samaññaphala Sutta, DN 2).[8] The attainment of the four jhanas is considered to be a prerequisite for the attainment of the higher powers.[5] The sixth type is the ultimate goal of Buddhism, which is the end of all suffering and destruction of all ignorance.[9] According to the Buddha, indulgence in the abhiññās should be avoided, as they can distract from the ultimate goal of Enlightenment.[4] Similarly, the three knowledges or wisdoms (tevijja or tivijja) are: "Remember one's former abodes" (pubbe-nivāsanussati); "Divine eye" (dibba-cakkhu); and, "Extinction of mental intoxicants" (āsavakkhaya).[10] The three knowledges are mentioned in numerous discourses including the Maha-Saccaka Sutta (MN 36) in which the Buddha describes obtaining each of these three knowledges on the first, second and third watches respectively of the night of his enlightenment. These forms of knowledge typically are listed as arising after the attainment of the fourth jhana.[11] While such powers are considered to be indicative of spiritual progress, Buddhism cautions against their indulgence or exhibition since such could divert one from the true path of obtaining suffering's release.[9] Parallels in other cultures The first five types of Abhijna, are similar to the siddhis of yoga in Hinduism, mentioned in the Bhagavata Purana and by Patanjali:[9] Knowing the past, present and future; Tolerance of heat, cold and other dualities; Knowing the minds of others; Checking the influence of fire, sun, water, poison, and so on; Remaining unconquered by others.
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 1:07:00 GMT
In Buddhism, the bodhipakkhiyā dhammā (Pali; variant spellings include bodhipakkhikā dhammā and bodhapakkhiyā dhammā;[1] Skt.: bodhipakṣa dharma) are qualities (dhammā) conducive or related to (pakkhiya) awakening/understanding (bodhi), i.e. the factors and wholesome qualities which are developed when the mind is trained (bhavana).
In the Pali commentaries, the term bodhipakkhiyā dhammā is used to refer to seven sets of such qualities regularly attributed to the Buddha throughout the Pali Canon. Within these seven sets of bodhi-related qualities, there is listed a total of thirty-seven repetitious and interrelated qualities (sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyā dhammā).[2]
These seven sets of qualities are recognized by both Theravadan and Mahayanan Buddhists as complementary facets of the Buddhist path to bodhi.[3]
Seven sets of thirty-seven qualities In the Pali Canon's Bhāvanānuyutta sutta ("Mental Development Discourse,"[note 1] AN 7.67), the Buddha is recorded as saying:
Monks, although a monk who does not apply himself to the meditative development of his mind [bhavana[note 1]] may wish, "Oh, that my mind might be free from the taints by non-clinging!", yet his mind will not be freed. For what reason? "Because he has not developed his mind," one has to say. Not developed it in what? In the four foundations of mindfulness, the four right kinds of striving, the four bases of success, the five spiritual faculties, the five spiritual powers, the seven factors of enlightenment and the Noble Eightfold Path.[4][note 2]
Elsewhere in the Canon,[5] and in numerous places in the āgamas of other early schools,[6] these seven sets of thirty-seven qualities conducive to Enlightenment are enumerated as:
Four establishments/presences of mindfulness (cattāro satipaṭṭhānā) Main article: Satipatthana Mindfulness of the body (kāyānupassanā, S. kayānupasthāna) Mindfulness of feelings (vedanānupassanā, S. vedanānupasthāna) Mindfulness of mental states (cittānupassanā, S. cittanupasthāna) Mindfulness of mental qualities (dhammānupassanā, S. dharmanupasthāna) Four right exertions/efforts/strivings (cattāro sammappadhānā) Main article: Four Right Exertions See also: Vīrya Effort for the preventing of unskillful states to arise [anuppādāya] Effort for the abandoning of the already arisen unskillful states [pahānāya] Effort for the arising of skillful states [uppādāya] Effort for the sustaining and increasing of arisen skillful states [ṭhitiyā] Four bases of spiritual power (cattāro iddhipādā) Main article: Iddhipada Intention or will (chanda, S. chanda) Effort (viriya, S. vīrya) Consciousness (citta, S. citta) Skill of Analysis (vīmaṁsa or vīmaŋsā, S. mimāṃsā) Five spiritual faculties (pañca indriya) Main article: Indriya Conviction[7] (saddhā, S. śraddhā) Effort (viriya, S. vīrya) Mindfulness (sati, S. smṛti) Concentration/Unification (samādhi, S. samādhi) Wisdom (paññā, S. prajñā) Five Strengths (pañca bala) Main article: Five Strengths Conviction (saddhā, S. śraddhā}) Effort (viriya, S. vīrya) Mindfulness (sati, S. smṛti) Concentration/Unification (samādhi, S. samādhi) Wisdom (paññā, S. prajñā) Seven Factors of bodhi (awakening, understanding) (satta bojjhaṅgā) Main article: Seven factors of awakening Mindfulness (sati, S. smṛti) Investigation (dhamma vicaya, S. dharmapravicaya) Effort (viriya, S. vīrya) Joy (pīti, S. prīti) Tranquillity (passaddhi, S. praśrabdhi) Concentration/Unification (samādhi, S. samādhi) Equanimity (upekkhā, S. upekṣā) Noble Eightfold Path (ariya aṭṭhaṅgika magga) Main article: Noble Eightfold Path Right Understanding (sammā diṭṭhi, S. samyag-dṛṣṭi) Right Intention (sammā saṅkappa, S. samyak-saṃkalpa) Right Speech (sammā vācā, S. samyag-vāc) Right Action (sammā kammanta, S. samyak-karmānta) Right Livelihood (sammā ājīva, S. samyag-ājīva) Right Effort/Energy (sammā vāyāma, S. samyag-vyāyāma) Right Mindfulness (sammā sati, S. samyak-smṛti) Right Concentration/Unification (sammā samādhi, S. samyak-samādhi) Forty-one and forty-three qualities A sutta found in The Senior Collection of Gandhāran Buddhist texts ascribes forty one instead of thirty seven beneficial dharmas.[8] The Gandharan text includes rūpajhānas which the Pali tradition does not.[8] Salomon notes this forty one numbered list appears in both a Chinese translation of the Dirghagama which current scholarship believes to be of the Dharmaguptaka school of Buddhism and a Chinese translation of the Dharmaguptaka vinaya.[8]
In the Pali Canon's Nettipakaraṇa (Netti 112) forty-three qualities connected with awakening (tecattālīsa bodhipakkhiyā dhammā) are mentioned which, according to the commentaries, include the aforementioned thirty-seven plus the following six contemplations (also found in the suttas, e.g. Saṅgīti Sutta D iii 251)
The contemplation of the three marks of existence: impermanence (aniccasaññā) suffering (dukkhasaññā) non-self (anattasaññā) abandoning (pahānasaññā) dispassion (virāgasaññā) cessation (nirodhasaññā) In the Pali literature The technical term, bodhipakkhiyā dhammā, explicitly referring to the seven sets of qualities identified above, is first encountered in the Pali commentaries;[2] nonetheless, the seven sets of bodhipakkhiya dhammas are themselves first collated, enumerated, and referenced in the Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka.[9]
Sutta Pitaka In the Digha Nikāya's famed Maha-parinibbana Sutta (DN 16), which recounts the Buddha's last days, in the Buddha's last address to his assembly of followers he states:[10]
Now, O bhikkhus, I say to you that these teachings of which I have direct knowledge and which I have made known to you—these you should thoroughly learn, cultivate, develop, and frequently practice, that the life of purity may be established and may long endure, for the welfare and happiness of the multitude, out of compassion for the world, for the benefit, well being, and happiness of gods and men. And what, bhikkhus, are these teachings? They are the four foundations of mindfulness, the four right efforts, the four constituents of psychic power, the five faculties, the five powers, the seven factors of enlightenment, and the Noble Eightfold Path. These, bhikkhus, are the teachings of which I have direct knowledge, which I have made known to you, and which you should thoroughly learn, cultivate, develop, and frequently practice....
In the Majjhima Nikāya's "Greater Discourse to Sakuludāyin" (MN 77),[11] when asked why his disciples venerated him, the Buddha identified five qualities he possessed: highest virtues (adhisīle ... paramena sīlakkhandha); highest knowledge and vision (abhikkante ñāṇadassane); highest wisdom (adhipaññāya ... paramena paññākkhandha); his explanation of the Four Noble Truths (ariyasaccāni); and, his identification of numerous ways to develop wholesome states.
The Buddha's elaboration of the last item included the seven sets of thirty-seven bodhipakkhiya dhammas which are enumerated individually in this discourse.[12]
In the Samyutta Nikaya, the fifth division's first seven chapters are each devoted to one of the bodhipakkhiya dhammas. While there is a great deal of repetition among these chapters' discourses, these seven chapters include almost 900 discourses.[13]
In the Anguttara Nikaya's "Upajjhāyasuttaṃ" (AN 5.6.6), the Buddha recommends five things for a monk to overcome spiritual hindrances: control mental faculties; eat the right amount of food; maintain wakefulness; be aware of merit; and, develop the bodhipakkhiya dhammas throughout the day.[14]
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 1:19:13 GMT
Pāramitā (Sanskrit, Pali: पारमिता) or pāramī (Pāli: पारमी) is a Buddhist term often translated as "perfection". It is described in Buddhist commentaries as a noble character quality generally associated with enlightened beings. Pāramī and pāramitā are both terms in Pali but Pali literature makes greater reference to pāramī, while Mahayana texts generally use the Sanskrit pāramitā.[1][2]
Theravāda Buddhism Theravada teachings on the pāramīs can be found in late canonical books and post-canonical commentaries. Theravada commentator Dhammapala describes them as noble qualities usually associated with bodhisattas.[4] American scholar-monk Thanissaro Bhikkhu describes them as perfections (paramī) of character necessary to achieve enlightenment as one of the three enlightened beings, a samma sambuddha, a pacceka-buddha, or an arahant.[5]
Canonical sources In the Pāli Canon, the Buddhavamsa of the Khuddaka Nikāya lists the ten perfections (dasa pāramiyo) as:[6]
1. Dāna pāramī: generosity, giving of oneself 2. Sīla pāramī: virtue, morality, proper conduct 3. Nekkhamma pāramī: renunciation 4. Paññā pāramī: wisdom, discernment 5. Viriya pāramī: energy, diligence, vigour, effort 6. Khanti pāramī: patience, tolerance, forbearance, acceptance, endurance 7. Sacca pāramī: truthfulness, honesty 8. Adhiṭṭhāna pāramī: determination, resolution 9. Mettā pāramī: goodwill, friendliness, loving-kindness 10. Upekkhā pāramī: equanimity, serenity Two of these virtues—mettā and upekkhā—are also brahmavihāras, and two – vīrya and upekkhā—are factors of awakening.
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 1:27:30 GMT
Vīrya is a Buddhist term commonly translated as "energy", "diligence", "enthusiasm", or "effort". It can be defined as an attitude of gladly engaging in wholesome activities, and it functions to cause one to accomplish wholesome or virtuous actions.
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 15:53:08 GMT
Claude said:
Durga Mantra: Goddess Durga is revered as a powerful deity who can vanquish demons and protect her devotees. The "Durga Saptashati" or the "Devi Mahatmya" contains various mantras and hymns that are believed to invoke the divine protection of Goddess Durga.
"Durga is one of the manifestations of the Hindu Mother Goddess, Devi in Sanskrit, and one of the avatars or incarnations of Parvati. Like her, she is the consort of Shiva and the mother of Ganesha (god of wisdom), Kartikeia (god of war), and Ashokasundari (goddess of imagination).
The word Durga in Sanskrit means impassive or invincible. It is formed from the root "dur" (difficulty) and "gam" (to overcome), which explains very well everything that this divinity represents. Durga is the destroyer of dangers or adversities, the goddess of war or the warrior incarnation of Parvati."
Durga's mantra is “Om Dum Durgayei Namaha”. Bless me with your protection and love”. Claude Opus: ॐ दुं दुर्गायै नमः
Hanuman Chalisa: The "Hanuman Chalisa" is a devotional hymn dedicated to Lord Hanuman, who is known for his immense strength and ability to vanquish evil forces. Reciting the Hanuman Chalisa is believed to invoke the blessings and protection of this powerful deity.
Navagraha Mantras: The Navagraha, or the nine celestial bodies, are believed to have a significant influence on one's life. Specific mantras and prayers dedicated to the Navagraha are sometimes used to ward off negative energies and entities, including demons.
Vedic Mantras: The Vedas, the ancient Hindu scriptures, contain various mantras and hymns that are believed to have the power to expel demons and negative forces. Some examples include the "Sarva Rakshasa Nivarana Mantra" and the "Rakshasa Suktam."
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Post by reden on Apr 12, 2024 15:56:35 GMT
I was given the mantra Om Namah Shivaya for clearing blockages and to help with ascension. I've been saying it a few times each day. claude-3-opus-20240229 Here is "Om Namah Shivaya" in Devanagari script: ॐ नमः शिवाय
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Mantra's
Apr 19, 2024 6:52:11 GMT
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Post by reden on Apr 19, 2024 6:52:11 GMT
Reden What are some powerful buddhist chants and mantras?
claude-3-haiku-20240307 Here are some of the most powerful and well-known Buddhist chants and mantras:
Om Mani Padme Hum - This is the mantra of the Bodhisattva of Compassion, Avalokiteshvara. It is one of the most widely recited mantras in Buddhism.
(skipped heart sutra)
Amitabha Mantra - "Om Ami Dewa Hrih" - This mantra is associated with the Buddha of Infinite Light and is used in Pure Land Buddhism.
Vajrasattva Mantra - "Om Vajrasattva Hum" - This mantra is used for purification and removing negative karma.
Green Tara Mantra - "Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha" - This mantra invokes the blessings and protection of the female Buddha, Green Tara.
Medicine Buddha Mantra - "Tadyatha Om Bhekhandze Bhekhandze Maha Bhekhandze Radza Samudgate Svaha" - This mantra is used to invoke the healing powers of the Medicine Buddha.
Six-Syllable Mantra of Avalokiteshvara - "Om Mani Padme Hum" - This is the most well-known and widely recited mantra in Tibetan Buddhism.
These are just a few of the many powerful Buddhist chants and mantras. Regular practice and recitation of these can help cultivate spiritual qualities like compassion, wisdom, and inner peace.
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Post by AnthroHeart on Apr 19, 2024 9:08:54 GMT
Reden What are some powerful buddhist chants and mantras? claude-3-haiku-20240307 Here are some of the most powerful and well-known Buddhist chants and mantras: Om Mani Padme Hum - This is the mantra of the Bodhisattva of Compassion, Avalokiteshvara. It is one of the most widely recited mantras in Buddhism. (skipped heart sutra) Amitabha Mantra - "Om Ami Dewa Hrih" - This mantra is associated with the Buddha of Infinite Light and is used in Pure Land Buddhism. Vajrasattva Mantra - "Om Vajrasattva Hum" - This mantra is used for purification and removing negative karma. Green Tara Mantra - "Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha" - This mantra invokes the blessings and protection of the female Buddha, Green Tara. Medicine Buddha Mantra - "Tadyatha Om Bhekhandze Bhekhandze Maha Bhekhandze Radza Samudgate Svaha" - This mantra is used to invoke the healing powers of the Medicine Buddha. Six-Syllable Mantra of Avalokiteshvara - "Om Mani Padme Hum" - This is the most well-known and widely recited mantra in Tibetan Buddhism. These are just a few of the many powerful Buddhist chants and mantras. Regular practice and recitation of these can help cultivate spiritual qualities like compassion, wisdom, and inner peace. Can you imagine how fast Haiku on Groq would be?
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Post by reden on Apr 19, 2024 15:18:29 GMT
Reden What are some powerful buddhist chants and mantras? claude-3-haiku-20240307 Here are some of the most powerful and well-known Buddhist chants and mantras: Om Mani Padme Hum - This is the mantra of the Bodhisattva of Compassion, Avalokiteshvara. It is one of the most widely recited mantras in Buddhism. (skipped heart sutra) Amitabha Mantra - "Om Ami Dewa Hrih" - This mantra is associated with the Buddha of Infinite Light and is used in Pure Land Buddhism. Vajrasattva Mantra - "Om Vajrasattva Hum" - This mantra is used for purification and removing negative karma. Green Tara Mantra - "Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha" - This mantra invokes the blessings and protection of the female Buddha, Green Tara. Medicine Buddha Mantra - "Tadyatha Om Bhekhandze Bhekhandze Maha Bhekhandze Radza Samudgate Svaha" - This mantra is used to invoke the healing powers of the Medicine Buddha. Six-Syllable Mantra of Avalokiteshvara - "Om Mani Padme Hum" - This is the most well-known and widely recited mantra in Tibetan Buddhism. These are just a few of the many powerful Buddhist chants and mantras. Regular practice and recitation of these can help cultivate spiritual qualities like compassion, wisdom, and inner peace. Can you imagine how fast Haiku on Groq would be? Very
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Mantra's
May 2, 2024 13:40:04 GMT
via mobile
Post by reden on May 2, 2024 13:40:04 GMT
ੴ ਸਤਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਕਰਤਾ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਨਿਰਭਉ ਨਿਰਵੈਰੁ ਅਕਾਲ ਮੂਰਤਿ ਅਜੂਨੀ ਸੈਭੰ ਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ ॥ ੴ सति नामु करता पुरखु निरभउ निरवैरु अकाल मूरति अजूनी सैभं गुर प्रसादि ॥ Ik▫oaʼnkār saṯ nām karṯā purakẖ nirbẖa▫o nirvair akāl mūraṯ ajūnī saibẖaʼn gur parsāḏ. One Universal Creator God. The Name Is Truth. Creative Being Personified. No Fear. No Hatred. Image Of The Undying, Beyond Birth, Self-Existent. By Guru's Grace ~
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Post by reden on May 14, 2024 3:41:18 GMT
oṃ vajrasattva samayam anupālaya vajrasattva tvenopatiṣṭha dṛḍho me bhava sutoṣyo me bhava supoṣyo me bhava anurakto me bhava sarvasiddhiṃ me prayaccha sarvakarmasu ca me cittaṃ śreyaḥ kuru hūṃ ha ha ha ha hoḥ bhagavan sarvatathāgatavajra mā me muñca vajrī bhava mahāsamayasattva āḥ hūṃ phat
OM BENZAR SATO SA MA YA MA NU PA LA YA BENZAR SATO TE NO PA TISHTHA DRI DHO ME BHA WA SU TO KA YO ME BHA WA SU PO KA YO ME BHA WA ANU RAKTO ME BHA WA SARVA SIDDHI ME PRA YATSA SARVA KARMA SU TSA ME TSITTAM SHRE YAM KU RU HUNG HA HA HA HA HO BHA GA WAN SARVA TA THA GA TA BENZRA MA ME MUNTSA BENZRI BHA WA MA HA SA MA YA SATO AH
This appears to be a Vajrasattva mantra, which is a powerful Buddhist mantra associated with the Vajrasattva deity. Vajrasattva is a central figure in Vajrayana Buddhism and is seen as a manifestation of the Buddha's enlightened mind.
The mantra you provided is the Vajrasattva mantra, which is used for purification, removing obstacles, and attaining spiritual realization. It invokes the blessings and protection of Vajrasattva.
The mantra translates roughly as:
"Om, Vajrasattva, maintain the samaya, Vajrasattva, be steadfast in me, be pleased with me, support me, be affectionate towards me, grant me all attainments, and make my mind excellent in all actions. Hum, Ha Ha Ha Ha Ho! Bhagavan, Vajra of all Tathagatas, do not abandon me. I am the Vajra-holder, the great pledge-being. Ah Hum Phat."
This mantra is commonly recited by Vajrayana Buddhist practitioners as a means of purification, spiritual development, and connection with the enlightened energy of Vajrasattva. It is considered a very powerful and transformative practice.
claude-3-sonnet-20240229 ओम् वज्रसत्त्व समयमनुपालय वज्रसत्त्व त्वेनोपतिष्ठ दृढो मे भव सुतोष्यो मे भव सुपोष्यो मे भव अनुरक्तो मे भव सर्वसिद्धिं मे प्रयच्छ सर्वकर्मसु च मे चित्तं श्रेयः कुरु हूँ ह ह ह ह होः भगवान् सर्वतथागतवज्र मा मे मुञ्च वज्री भव महासमयसत्त्व आः हूँ फट्
ཨོཾ་བཛྲ་སཏྟྭ་ས་མ་ཡ་མ་ནུ་པཱ་ལ་ཡ༔ བཛྲ་སཏྟྭ་ཏེ་ནོ་པ་ཏིཥྛ་དྲིདྷོ་མེ་བྷ་ว༔ སུ་ཏོ་ཥྱོ་མེ་བྷ་ว༔ སུ་པོ་ཥྱོ་མེ་བྷ་ཝ༔ ཨ་ནུ་རཀྟོ་མེ་བྷ་ཝ༔ སརྦ་སིདྷིཾ་མེ་པྲ་ཡཙྪ༔ སརྦ་ཀརྨ་སུ་ཙ་མེ་ཙིཏྟཾ་ཤྲེ་ཡཿ་ཀུ་རུ༔ ཧུྃ་ཧ་ཧ་ཧ་ཧ་ཧོཿ བྷ་ག་ཝཱན་སརྦ་ཏ་ཐཱ་ག་ཏ་བཛྲ་མཱ་མེ་མུཉྩ་བཛྲི་བྷ་ཝ་མ་ཧཱ་ས་མ་ཡ་སཏྟྭ་ཨཿཧུྃ་ཕཊ།
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